CORRELATION AND INTERACTION BETWEEN PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW AND PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW: CURRENT CHALLENGES AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS

Abstract

The article examines the current challenges of correlation and interaction between public and private international law in the context of globalization and the transformation of the global legal system. The research analyzes key doctrinal approaches to defining the boundaries and points of intersection of these two branches, and particular attention is paid to the practical difficulties of applying norms in the areas of human rights protection, international trade, and investment. It is clarified that the interaction between public and private international law is becoming increasingly complex: international conventions directly influence private legal relations, while international commercial arbitration and national courts take into account public international law standards. It is determined that the issues of harmonizing approaches to jurisdiction, applicable law, and the implementation of international treaties into national legislation are of particular relevance. The scientific novelty of this study lies in a comprehensive examination of public and private international law as complementary systems capable of ensuring a balance between the interests of states, international organizations, and private actors. The author proposes an integrative model of correlation that considers the needs of modern international relations and the practice of leading international judicial institutions. The research concludes that an effective combination of norms from both branches is a key factor in preventing legal conflicts and ensuring the stability of the international legal order. Strengthening universal international standards, expanding the treaty framework, and developing mechanisms for mutual recognition of court and arbitration decisions are considered necessary. Prospects for further research involve the development of conceptual approaches to the harmonization of public and private international law, which will make it possible to respond more effectively to globalization challenges and safeguard the rights of both states and individuals.