APPLICATION OF UNMANNED TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE PROTECTION OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES

Abstract

The article thoroughly examines the prospects and current opportunities for the use of unmanned technologies in the protection of critical infrastructure objects, which is one of the most relevant areas in national security provision. Unmanned technologies, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), offer significant potential for the modernization and enhancement of the security systems for critical objects, such as energy stations, reservoirs, transport hubs, oil and gas facilities, as well as other strategically important infrastructure objects. The article emphasizes the key advantages of using unmanned systems, particularly their high mobility, autonomy, and ability to respond quickly to emergency situations. Special attention is given to the integration of unmanned systems into the overall security system, including integration with other protective technologies, such as video surveillance, motion sensors, chemical and radiation monitoring, as well as automated control and cybersecurity systems. Integrating unmanned vehicles into a unified security network allows for comprehensive monitoring of objects, real-time situation analysis, threat detection, and rapid neutralization without involving human resources. By utilizing modern artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, unmanned systems can operate autonomously, analyzing information and making decisions without operator intervention, ensuring high efficiency and reducing human error. Furthermore, the article discusses the importance of using unmanned systems to detect and neutralize various threats, such as explosive devices, chemical or biological hazards, as well as cyber threats. Unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) can be equipped with specialized sensors to detect explosives or toxic gases, enabling the identification of potential threats without putting human workers at risk. UGVs can also perform threat neutralization functions, such as using manipulators to disarm explosive devices. The article also highlights the economic aspects of using unmanned technologies. Given the high level of autonomy of unmanned systems, the need for a large number of human resources for patrolling and monitoring protected objects is reduced, significantly lowering security costs. Unmanned systems can operate around the clock, performing tasks without interruption, ensuring continuous control over objects and enabling rapid response to potential threats. Overall, the use of unmanned technologies to protect critical infrastructure objects not only enhances security but also provides significant economic benefits by reducing costs for physical security, minimizing risks to personnel, and allowing for prompt response to threats. The article outlines the main advantages of such systems and demonstrates their potential for further development and implementation in the practice of protecting critical objects. It is concluded that unmanned technologies are a crucial element in ensuring the resilience of objects to various threats and contribute to maintaining national security.