INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT OF THE LEGAL SUBJECTIVITY OF NATIONAL COMMUNITIES IN UKRAINE: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

Abstract

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the institutional support for the legal subjectivity of national communities in Ukraine, which is gaining particular relevance in the context of geopolitical instability, internal migration, decentralization, and public administration reform. The paper reveals the essence of the concept of “legal subjectivity of national communities” as a systemic category that includes the political, legal, administrative, and social recognition of national minorities, communities, and indigenous peoples within the structure of Ukrainian statehood. Special attention is paid to legal approaches to the formation of an institutional mechanism for the implementation of community rights, as well as the analysis of the activities of public authorities, specialized advisory bodies, local governments, and civil society organizations. A number of problems in the current institutionalmodel are identified, including the fragmentation of powers, insufficient coordination between institutions, lack of effective community participation in decision-making, and weak financial and human resources. The complianceof the Ukrainian model with international standards is examined, in particular the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, and the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Based on a comparative analysis of European practices (Poland,Germany, Canada), the author formulates proposals for improving institutional support for community subjectivity in Ukraine. The article concludes that the effective implementation of national community policy is possible onlythrough its integration into the overall system of strategic public administration.