THE SIGNIFICANCE OF VIRAL INFECTIONS AS MANIFESTATIONS OF IMMUNODEFICIENCY IN THE PATHONESIS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH FOLATATE DEFICIENCY
Keywords:
herpesviruses, natural killers, autistic spectrumAbstract
Formulation of the problem. There are not single reports of cases of autism development in adults and children after the transferred episodes of neuroinfections, mainly the opportunistic spectrum.
Analysis of recent research and publications. The results of several studies show the relationship of autism spectrum disorders with herpesvirus, measles, mycoplasmal, chlamydial and some other infections. It is also demonstrated that these microbial triggers can induce anti-brain autoimmunity in children with an autistic spectrum.
Formulation of the aim: to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the role of viral infections as manifestations of immunodeficiency in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders associated with folate deficiency in children.
Statement of the main material. In a prospective, controlled single-center study, 78 children with a diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders aged 2 to 10 years (study group, SG) participated. The control group (CG) consisted of 34 healthy children with similar age and gender distribution. Reactivated postnatal herpesvirus infections caused by lymphotropic herpesviruses (CMV, EBV, HHV-6, HHV-7) were the most characteristic manifestation of the infectious syndrome (78% of cases). Congenital cytomegalovirus infection with CNS involvement was registered in 17% of cases of SG. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, caused by measles and/or rubella virus, is recorded in 21% of SG observations. The severe course of rotavirus infection, after the episode of which the autistic regress of the child was noted, was registered in 12% of cases. The onset of autistic regression after the influenza episode occurred in 4% of cases. Persistently recurrent pyogenic cocci infection of the upper respiratory tract occurred in 32% of cases. Chronic candidiasis is diagnosed in 17% of cases. The observed signs of cellular immunodeficiency with a small number of natural killers and natural killer T-lymphocytes, allowed to explain the development of numerous episodes of opportunistic infections by a decrease in immune surveillance.
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