THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIBACTERIAL SUPPORT FOR THE PREVENTION OF EARLY LOSS AND OSSEOINTEGRATION DISRUPTION OF DENTAL IMPLANTS: DATA FROM SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND META-ANALYTIC STUDIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32689/2663-0672-2023-3-8Keywords:
osseointegration, dental implants, early loss, disintegration, dental treatmentAbstract
Introduction. Today's known schemes of antibiotic support during dental implantation vary considering the use of various active agents, their dosage and the period of their administration. It is worth noting that the evidences in support of various schemes of antibiotic support during dental implantation differ in their quality and the amount of available argumentative base considering conducted studies of various designs. Objective. To analyze the clinical effectiveness of various antibacterial support schemes for the prevention of early loss of dental implants and disruption of their osseointegration. Methods. Targeted search of scientific works (systematic reviews and meta-analyses) associated with the formulated objective of this study was conducted within database «PubMed Central» database (https:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) and using the search engine of Google Scholar system (https://scholar.google.com/). After performing the search by Mesh-terms, the «Systematic review» and «Meta-Analysis» filters were used. In the course of searching for publications, filters regarding the depth of the search were not applied in order to maximize the volume of targeted scientific works associated with the research objective. Results. On the basis of the conducted analysis, it is possible to summarize the presence of a generally expressed tendency regarding early dental implant loss’ relative risk reduction during the implementation of antibiotic support for implantological patients. The available data suggest that the effectiveness of the preoperative antibiotic regimen is the most studied and proven in terms of its effect on the reduction of relative risk indicators and the frequency of early dental implant loss occurrence in comparison with the results obtained in groups with other antibiotic therapy regimens or with the absence of such in principle. Conclusions. The higher effectiveness of antibacterial support schemes, which involve a combination of pre- and postoperative antibiotic administration, or only postoperative administration of drugs, compared to the approach of single preoperative administration of amoxicillin, was not statistically proven. At present, taking a single pre-operative dose of 2–3 g of amoxicillin can be interpreted as the most appropriate and optimal scheme of antibiotic support from the point of preventing early dental implant loss, which allows to minimize relative risk index to 0,33-0,50. At the same time, according to available data, preoperative antibiotic regimens do not significantly reduce the risk of infectious postoperative complications development.
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