CHARACTERISTICS OF CLINICAL SYMPTOMS OF PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS OF COMBATANTS
Keywords:
psychotic disorders, clinical symptoms, combatantsAbstract
Formulation of the problem. Participation in hostilities causes to a high incidence of psychogenic disorders, which can be a reason for psychosis. Assessment of the structure, features of the formation, the manifestation, symptoms of psychotic disorders of combatants will contribute to the development of appropriate measures of their psychoprophylaxis and treatment. Analysis of recent research and publications. In conditions of local armed conflict, combat mental trauma (pathological state of the central nervous system of prenosological level, caused by combat stress factors) can increase mental illnesses 3- 4 times and reduce the combat capability of servicemen within 10 to 50%. World statistics shows that each fifth combatant suffers from neuropsychiatric disorders when there is no any physical damage. According to statistics of different countries, from 6,6% to 12,7% of military men are discharged due to mental disorders, which is about 30% of all diseases in the army. However, during periods of active fighting up to 15-25% of personnel suffer from various mental disorders. Formulating the purpose of the article. Objective: to investigate the clinical symptomatology of psychotic disorders of combatants. Material and methods. 64 cases of stories of combatants who underwent psychosis and were treated in psychiatric hospitals had been analyzed. According to the medical records there were investigated: the structure of psychotic disorders, symptoms during hospitalization. The data obtained were processed according to the criterion χ². Results. The analysis of 64 medical cases showed that the majority of combatant, who had their treatment at psychiatric hospitals, the following diseases had been diagnosed: schizophrenia (F20) – 28 persons, schizotypical disorders (F21) – 4 persons, acute and transient psychotic disorders (F23) – 25 persons, schizoaffective disorders (F25) – 7 persons. 38 (59,4 %) patients had the situation when psychiatric disorders began acutely after some trauma, while the rest of the persons gradually were increased by their mental disorders and behavior, which precluded their further military service. Thinking disorders, delusional ideas and inadequate affect were predominated in the structure of psychopathological symptoms. The manifestations of delusional disorders and affective reactions were associated with military operations, injuries and fatalities of some combatants (there are 47 combatants (72,3 %)). Comorbid to psychotic disorders were individual symptoms or advanced post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms to the beginning of treatment (52 patients (81,3 %). Conclusions and prospects for further research. An analysis of the prevalence and structure of psychotic disorders in combatants on the analysis of medical records was carried out. Investigated: nosological spectrum, manifestation of psychoses, detailed comparative analysis of clinical symptoms in the most common psychoses: schizophrenia (F20) and acute and transient psychotic disorders (F23).
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