CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND: OVERVIEW OF THE BASIC LAW AND PRACTICE OF ITS APPLICATION AT THE TERRITORIAL LEVEL OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Abstract

Abstract. The unpredictability and rapid changeability of modern threats, their global nature make security one of the most important problems of today's and future world. The introduction of European standards and Ukraine's integration into the EU require transformations in all spheres of Ukrainian society. Such transformations in the management system of the Unified State Civil Protection System, taking into account the need to implement the Concept of Risk Management, are the need to develop mechanisms of state regulation in the field of risk management. However, the implementation of modern principles of anti- crisis management in Ukraine is slow. Scientists are trying to develop the latest organizational and managerial approaches to solving problems of emergency risk management. However, the experience of crisis management in the Republic of Poland (hereinafter - RP) was left out of consideration, where its foundations are quite thoroughly defined at the legislative level, and the practice of implementing its principles dates back more than 13 years. Review of the Law of the Republic of Poland "On Crisis Management" and the practice of its application at the territorial level in terms of developing plans for anti-crisis management is a scientific task of our study and is covered in this article. The main research method is content analysis of the main Law of the Republic of Poland "On Crisis Management" and analysis of the content of crisis management plans. Literary search of publications of Polish scientists on anti-crisis management was also used. In the main content of the article: it is emphasized that the Concept of anti-crisis management, which is enshrined in the Law of the Republic of Poland, focuses on the principle of primacy of the territorial system; the conceptual and terminological apparatus defined in it is analyzed; anti-crisis management plans at the voivodship level are analyzed. The article defines the principles of building a crisis anti-management system, features of the crisis management system at different levels of government; it is concluded that it is integrated into the national security system, which structurally has management subsystems, an executive subsystem and a support subsystem; It is argued that much attention in the system of crisis management is paid to the organization of cooperation, crisis communications between all levels of government. To do this, a security network is being created, which is relevant for improving the system in Ukraine. The functioning of the system is primarily aimed at preventing crises, and in case of their occurrence - taking control of their development, based on planned measures, minimizing and eliminating the consequences and restoring the functioning of pre-crisis society. The key element that is legally defined and structurally prescribed in the Law is the phase of preparation of the anti-crisis management system of the RP. The analysis of anti-crisis management plans shows that they prescribe in detail all threats, operations for their monitoring, minimization, forces and means, the order of cooperation. The content of the plans of the national, voivodship, county levels, commune level and communal level is integrated in terms of the organization of coordination of activities, assistance and support to the lower level of government. In the interests of crisis management, the armed forces of the RP can be used, special groups consisting of the police, the state fire service, etc. can be created. Given the main method of management in the crisis management system, the method of project management, the plans develop action modules to prevent and respond to each threat. In the conclusions, it is noted that the dominant component of the anti-crisis management system is its territorial level of governance, which is carefully planned, threat monitoring and training of forces and means. The direction of further research is a comparative analysis of crisis management systems of different countries, the study of best practices in the organization of crisis management in the RP.