THE OCCURRENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF DRIVERS OF PASSENGER VEHICLES IN UKRAINE AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32689/2522-4603.2025.1.8Keywords:
automobile, road traffic regulations, administrative legal regulation, road traffic, road user, road safety, administrative offense, traffic system, traffic control, land transport, artificial intelligence, automatic recording of traffic violationsAbstract
A person, their life and health, inviolability, respect for honor and dignity are defined by the Constitution of Ukraine as the highest social values, and ensuring compliance with human rights and freedoms, along with providing effective guarantees, is a priority task of the state.For centuries, the level of human rights and freedoms provision has served as a criterion for evaluating the level of development of a society or state as a whole. Legislative processes in Ukraine and worldwide in the field of ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens are based not only on the current needs of society but also on historical prerequisites and factors that led the legislator to the need for legal regulation of certain processes. One of the new branches of the development of global legal systems has been the regulation of road traffic relations, which gained significant momentum at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries due to the invention and spreading of automobiles.The rapid development of the automobile industry and the implementation of new technologies, both in vehicles and in mechanisms for state control of road traffic, underline the relevance of studying the historical development of legal regulation in the field of road traffic and the needs and prospects for its further development. Research and analysis of the historical evolution of state regulation of the rights and responsibilities of road users make it possible to qualitatively evaluate the prerequisites and factors that shaped the current legal norms in this field and to consciously approach the challenges of today while seeking ways to improve legal regulation of driver activities in subsequent studies.The purpose of this article is to reveal historical milestones of the establishment and development of state (administrative) regulation of road traffic from the invention of the wheel–an indisputable prerequisite for modern road traffic–up to the present day. It examines the main stages of the development of road traffic rules at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries in Europe and specifically in Ukraine. Common and distinctive features of the initial stage of traffic rules formation are identified and described, and the challenges and prospects for further development in this field of knowledge are assessed.
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