PARTNERSHIP INTERACTION OF THE PUBLIC AUTHORITIES AND BUSINESS UNDER UNCERTAINTY: INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS

Abstract

The paper provides a theoretical generalization and proposes applied ways to solve the scientific task of improving the partnership interaction between public authorities and business under uncertainty. The theoretical and institutional foundations of interaction between public and private sector entities in a highly turbulent economic environment are systematized. It is proven that the traditional model of public administration, based on rigid regulation and control, has exhausted its resource, necessitating a transition to the concept of the state as a service platform. It is substantiated that institutional trust serves as a fundamental economic resource and a compensator for the insufficiency of formal mechanisms during crisis periods. A comparative analysis and evaluation of the functioning of existing institutional mechanisms and financial instruments supporting public-private partnerships in Ukraine are carried out. State and municipal guarantees, preferential lending, direct co-financing, tax and customs preferences within special regimes (particularly industrial parks), as well as the availability payment mechanism, are identified as key levers for stimulating investment activity. A significant imbalance between the declarative norms of legislation and the practical implementation of projects is revealed, caused by high non-commercial risks, lengthy preparatory procedures, and limited budget resources, which requires the introduction of more flexible hybrid financing models. Priority areas of digitalization are substantiated, and applied paths for the digital transformation of interaction processes between power structures and business are proposed. It is emphasized that digitalization is the main tool for minimizing the subjective human factor, eliminating corruption risks, and increasing decision-making transparency. Applied vectors of digital transformation are defined, including: the creation of a single integrated web portal for public-private partnership projects, the transition of licensing procedures to the e-Services format, the application of Big Data algorithms and smart contracts for automated monitoring of agreement execution, as well as the implementation of Blockchain technologies and Open Data standards to guarantee the integrity of legal facts and equal access to resources.