PAY FOR RESULTS AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY: HYBRID INCENTIVE MODELS IN UKRAINE’S CONSTRUCTION SECTOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32689/2523-4536/80-29Keywords:
pay for results, hybrid incentives, occupational health and safety, “KPI” (key performance indicators), safety gateway, leading indicators, incident reporting, safety audit, work-to-allowance, under-accounting of injuries, bonus fund, bonus formula, war, martial law, Labor Code, IDPs, digital accounting, external audit, reconstruction, productivity, safetyAbstract
The article presents a hybrid pay scheme for wartime construction that combines pay-for-results with a strict “safety gate” and a team bonus based on leading safety indicators. Using DBN A.3.2-2:2009 and DSTU ISO 45001:2019, labour law, and regulator guidance, it structures safeguards against retaliation for incident reporting, builds a 60/40 (results/safety) weighting matrix, and sets a zero-bonus rule for gross violations. It provides a calculation formula, rollout stages (audit, indicator alignment, pilot, scaling, digital logging), and approaches to reduce under-reporting risk. The model is aligned with sector dynamics and reconstruction needs.
References
ДБН А.3.2-2:2009. Охорона праці і промислова безпека у будівництві. Основні положення. URL: https://dnaop.com/html/32593/doc-%D0%94%D0%91%D0%9D_%D0%90.3.2-2-2009
ДСТУ ISO 45001:2019. Системи управління охороною здоров’я та безпекою праці. URL: https://online.budstandart.com/ua/catalog/doc-page.html?id_doc=88004
Кодекс законів про працю України, гл. XI “Охорона праці”. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/322-08
Закон України № 2136-IX “Про організацію трудових відносин в умовах воєнного стану”. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/2136-20
Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України № 1544 від 31.12.2024 “Деякі питання надання державної підтримки внутрішньо переміщеним особам”. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1544-2024-%D0%BF#Text
Держстат. “Обсяг виконаних будівельних робіт… січень–липень 2025 року збільшився на 16,1%”. URL: https://propertytimes.com.ua/novosti/v_ukrayini_za_sim_misyatsiv_tsoho_roku_obsyah_vykonanykh_budivelnykh_robit_zbilshyvsya_na_161_derzhstat
Лист ДП “НДІРІ” від 06.03.2025 № 19.1-19-98 “Про рівень кошторисної заробітної плати”. URL: https://online.budstandart.com/ua/news/novosti-stroitelstva-ua/9874-lyst-dp-niri-vid-06032025-191-19-98-pro-riven-koshtorysnoi-zarobitnoi-platy.html
OSHA. Clarification of OSHA’s Position on Workplace Safety Incentive Programs and Post-Incident Drug Testing, 11.10.2018. URL: https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/standardinterpretations/2018-10-11
AIHA. OSHA clarifies its position on incentive programs and drug testing, 11.10.2025. URL: https://www.aiha.org/news/osha-clarifies-its-position-on-incentive-programs-and-drug-testing
U.S. GAO. Better OSHA Guidance Needed on Safety Incentive Programs…, GAO-12-329, 09.04.2012. URL: https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-12-329.pdf
Lee B., та ін. Evaluating the effects of safety incentives on worker safety behavior, 2024. URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11345187/
ASSP. Do You Need a Safety Incentive Program? Here’s How to Start, 15.10.2024. URL: https://www.assp.org/news-and-articles/do-you-need-a-safety-incentive-program-heres-how-to-start
DBN A.3.2-2:2009. Okhorona pratsi i promyslova bezpeka u budivnytstvi. Osnovni polozhennia [Labour Protection and Industrial Safety in Construction. General Provisions]. (in Ukrainian). URL: https://dnaop.com/html/32593/doc-%D0%94%D0%91%D0%9D_%D0%90.3.2-2-2009
DSTU ISO 45001:2019. Systemy upravlinnia okhoronoiu zdorov’ia ta bezpekoiu pratsi [Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems]. (in Ukrainian). URL: https://online.budstandart.com/ua/catalog/doc-page.html?id_doc=88004
Kodeks zakoniv pro pratsiu Ukrainy, Hl. XI “Okhorona pratsi” [Labour Code of Ukraine, Chapter XI “Occupational Safety”]. (in Ukrainian). URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/322-08
Zakon Ukrainy No. 2136-IX. Pro orhanizatsiiu trudovykh vidnosyn v umovakh voiennoho stanu [Law of Ukraine No. 2136-IX “On the Organization of Labour Relations under Martial Law”]. (in Ukrainian). URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/2136-20
Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Resolution No. 1544 of 31.12.2024. Deiaki pytannia nadannia derzhavnoi pidtrymky VPO [Some Issues of State Support to IDPs]. (in Ukrainian). URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1544-2024-%D0%BF#Text
State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Obsiag vykonanykh budivelnykh robit… sichen–lypen 2025 +16.1% [Construction Output Jan–Jul 2025 +16.1%]. (in Ukrainian). URL: https://propertytimes.com.ua/novosti/v_ukrayini_za_sim_misyatsiv_tsoho_roku_obsyah_vykonanykh_budivelnykh_robit_zbilshyvsya_na_161_derzhstat
NDIRI letter of 06.03.2025 No. 19.1-19-98. Pro riven koshtorysnoi zarobitnoi platy [On the Level of Estimated Wages in Construction]. (in Ukrainian). URL: https://online.budstandart.com/ua/news/novosti-stroitelstva-ua/9874-lyst-dp-niri-vid-06032025-191-19-98-pro-riven-koshtorysnoi-zarobitnoi-platy.html
OSHA. Clarification of OSHA’s Position on Workplace Safety Incentive Programs and Post-Incident Drug Testing (2018). URL: https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/standardinterpretations/2018-10-11
AIHA News. OSHA clarifies its position on incentive programs and drug testing (2025). URL: https://www.aiha.org/news/osha-clarifies-its-position-on-incentive-programs-and-drug-testing
U.S. Government Accountability Office. Better OSHA Guidance Needed on Safety Incentive Programs…, GAO-12-329 (2012). URL: https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-12-329.pdf
Lee B., et al. Evaluating the effects of safety incentives on worker safety behavior (2024). URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11345187/
American Society of Safety Professionals (ASSP). Do You Need a Safety Incentive Program? Here’s How to Start (2024). URL: https://www.assp.org/news-and-articles/do-you-need-a-safety-incentive-program-heres-how-to-start
