SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE ACTIVITY AS THE BASIS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The publication deals with major international legal acts that regulate the sustainable development of space activities. On the basis of their analysis the theoretical and methodological foundations of the concept of «sustainable development of space activity» have been formed. It is noted that discussions about the balance between security factors, economic development and international environmental protection began in the 1970s. Long-term discussions within the UN and its committees have resulted in the adoption of the Guidelines for Long-Term Sustainability of Space Activities, which take into account the Sustainable Development Goals and are a new vector in the development of space relations. It is concluded that the adoption of harmonized Guidelines for the longterm sustainable development of space activities is intended to support the development of national and international space security practices and frameworks while providing flexibility in adapting such practices and frameworks to specific national circumstances. They are also intended to support States and international intergovernmental organizations developing their space capabilities in a way that does not harm the environment and the security of space operations. Thus, there was a need to develop a more inclusive concept that would cover and address all of the above issues. These issues must also be taken into account when developing a new space doctrine. Not only to limit the balance between space activities and the protection of the space environment, but also to include issues of sustainable development on Earth. Although the Guidelines for the Long-Term Sustainable Development of Space Activities are voluntary and have no legal force under international law. Nevertheless, they may have legal force in the sense that states may decide to include elements of the guidelines in their national legislation or not.