ASSOCIATION OF GENETIC FOLATE DEFICIENCY AND AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN CHILDREN: IMMUNE-DEPENDENT MECHANISMS OF CEREBRAL DAMAGE AND THE POSSIBILITY OF IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Abstract

Abstract. Formulation of the problem. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorders that are variable in phenotype and clinically characterized by a lack of social interactions, communication disorders and stereotyped behavior. One of the important advances in psychiatry in recent years has been to elucidate the association between the genetic folate deficiency cycle (GDFC) and RAS in children, as indicated by the results of 5 meta-analyzes of randomized controlled clinical trials. Formulation of the purpose of research. This scientific review considers the evidence base of the association of GDFC with RAS in children, as well as - the results of studies on the features of biochemical profile, oxidative stress, immune dysfunction, immune-dependent mechanisms of CNS damage, including opportunistic and opportunistic infections, autoimmune reactions, allergies and allergies. susceptibility to cancer. Materials and methods of research. The methodological basis of the work is a holistic understanding of man as a biopsychosocial being, the unity of mental and somatic. Analytical and comparative research methods were used. Presenting main material. 27 relevant trials were analyzed, of which 4 were prospective controlled (one double-blind placebo controlled), 6 were prospective uncontrolled, 2 retrospective controlled, and 15 retrospective uncontrolled). The general clinical result of approbation of drugs of normal iv human immunoglobulin according to this meta-analysis is improvement in communication, hyperexcitability, hyperactivity, cognition, attention, social interaction, eye contact, echolalia, speech, reaction to commands, drowsiness, decreased activity , and in some cases – in the complete elimination of symptoms of RAS. Conclusions and prospects for further research. Data on the success of testing a specific diet, supplementation, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies in children with ASD are presented and the most promising areas for further clinical research are outlined. There is reason to believe that successful testing of such treatment strategies in the future will make a breakthrough in the treatment of GAD-associated PACs in children, which will not only ensure recovery from severe and currently incurable neuropsychiatric disorder, but also help stop a large-scale epidemic of autism.