STANDARDS OF WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION IN HEALTH CARE

Abstract

Healthcare is a fundamental human right and one of the main conditions for prosperity and development. Given the importance of high-level healthcare, there is an objective need for the establishment and operation of a separate organization responsible for regulatory and normative activities in this area. As a result, a specialized agency was established within the United Nations — the World Health Organization (WHO). The areas of activity of this organization are the adoption of norms, standards, programs, etc. in the field of healthcare. A significant set of these documents are standards that set the boundaries within which to develop a particular area of healthcare. The presence of a wide range of standards, as well as the lack of their proper reflection in the scientific literature necessitates their further study.

Therefore, the scientific article defines the role of the World Health Organization in the field of healthcare, as well as examines the history of this organization. The degree of reflection of research topics in the scientific literature is determined. The results of the WHO activity are analyzed, and also the organizational structure through which there is a realization of its functions is defined. Thus, it is determined that as of 2020 WHO has 194 member-states, and its activities are carried out through 6 regional offices.

In addition, the article identifies the main standards adopted by the WHO in terms of healthcare, namely: Standards of good pharmacy practice, the WHO international standards for osteopathy, GCP standards — good clinical practice, GMP — good manufacture practice, GLP — good laboratory practice, and Standards for organ, tissue and cell transplantation, immunization and Standards for orthosis and prosthetics. We have considered the features of each of them, as well as areas of application. In addition, an important feature of these standards is the voluntary nature of their application in the practice of healthcare in membercountries, as well as their definition not of specific areas of their application, but only a kind of framework in which this process should take place.