SPECIFIC FEATURES OF CONFORMISM AND NONCONFORMISM AS A TYPE OF POLITICAL BEHAVIOR

Abstract

Citizens’ political behavior is a crucial component of the democratic process, reflecting the degree of public participation in the formation and implementation of state policy. Within this process, two key types of behavior are distinguished – conformist and nonconformist. Conformist political behavior involves support for the current government, adherence to established norms and rules, participation in elections. This type of behavior contributes to the stability of the political system but may also reduce levels of critical thinking and civic engagement, especially under authoritarian regimes. In contrast, nonconformist behavior manifests in the form of protests, election boycotts, the creation of alternative political movements, participation in unauthorized demonstrations, and similar actions. It reflects a critical attitude toward the existing political system and a desire for its transformation. Although such behavior can lead to political instability, it also plays a vital role in driving change, restoring justice, and upholding democratic principles. The study analyzes the socio-psychological factors that influence the choice of one or another model of political behavior, including the impact of group norms, authority, education, the level of political culture, and civic awareness. Particular attention is given to the relationship between individual personality traits and political activity. The relevance of the research is underscored by the growing political polarization in Ukrainian society and the need for effective dialogue between citizens and the authorities.