FEATURES OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN PERSONALITY PERFECTIONISM

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of individual differences in personal perfectionism that affect one's psychological state, motivation, and social interactions. It discusses the main approaches to defining perfectionism, its adaptive and maladaptive manifestations, as well as its connection with anxiety levels, self-esteem, and achievement. The article reviews three scales used to measure perfectionism: the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale by P. Hewitt and G. Flett, the Almost Perfect Scale–Revised (APS–R), and the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS). A detailed overview is provided of the scales assessing the level of perfectionism, their structure, and practical application in psychological practice. In addition, an individual consultation plan and a corrective-developmental program aimed at addressing high levels of perfectionism have been developed. The program is based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and covers problematic issues such as procrastination, self-criticism, and emotional tension caused by excessive self-demands. Effective approaches are proposed to address these issues within the context of personal development over the course of 8–15 sessions, which consist of several stages: diagnostics, psychoeducation, correction, summing-up, and the completion of therapy. Key techniques and tools are presented for both working with a psychologist and independently. The study is based on the analysis of scientific literature and empirical data obtained through surveys. The results indicate the presence of individual differences in the forms of perfectionism and their impact on personal development. Thus, understanding the nature of perfectionism and its manifestations is an important step toward supporting mental health, improving quality of life, and harmonizing personal functioning.