THE PECULIARITIES OF APPLYING THE MAIN METHODICAL APPROACHES TO EVALUATION IN DETERMINING THE VALUE OF ANTIQUES DURING FORENSIC EXAMINATION

Abstract

The article determines the peculiarities of applying market-based, profitbased and cost-based approach in determining the value of antiques. It specifies that expert practice has always been dominated by comparative (market-based) methodology. Marketbased approach does not take into account the total cost of the acquisition of the object, maintaining it in proper physical condition and its operation; therefore, the valuation of antiques only on the basis of market indicators often does not match the real or market value of cultural goods. The comparative method is relatively simple and convenient in terms of practical use, does not require detailed planning and economic calculations, long-time forecasting, accumulation and analysis of large amounts of data. It relies on the principle of substitution; allows to disregard the pricing of individual elements of items or fragments of the whole (e.g., clothing details), types of wear in the preparation of the final conclusion; takes into account the ratio of supply and demand, the competition factor; is based on the expert’s experience and academic standing. It is recognized that, as a rule, the cost-based method is used when assessing specific types of work (for example, exhibition, educational, advertising and publishing) and for the compilation of business plans for financial investments in the development and implementation of projects. The article establishes that the appropriateness of profit-based approach must be justified economically in each case, taking into account, to the highest possible degree, different aspects of the use of the object in question, the financial side of the agreement between the parties, such as the museum or gallery sending the exhibition and the host represented by an organization, sponsor, etc. It is ascertained that most experts lack information and analytical materials for the assessment founded on the profit-based and cost-based approaches and the fundamental issue regarding the legality of their use is not always resolved.