APPLICATION OF THE CIVIL LAW CONSTRUCTION OF A BONA FIDE ACQUIRER AS A MEANS OF COUNTERACTING THE DISTORTION OF THE DATA OF THE STATE REGISTER OF REAL RIGHTS TO REAL ESTATE AND THEIR ENCUMBRANCES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32689/3083-7359.2026.2.2Keywords:
bona fide acquirer, State Register of Proprietary Rights to Real Estate, Real Estate, State Registration, Data Distortion, Vindication, Ownership, Book Possession, CompensationAbstract
The article is devoted to the study of the application of the civil law construction of a bona fide acquirer as a means of counteracting the negative consequences of distortion of the data of the State Register of Proprietary Rights to Real Estate and their encumbrances. The problem of correlation between the right of the original owner to claim real estate and the interests of a bona fide acquirer, who relied on the official information of the state register and did not know and objectively could not know about the defects of the title alienator. It has been established that the state registration of ownership does not create an unconditional and irrefutable title to real estate, but the legal significance of the register information necessitates taking into account the reasonable trust of participants in civil turnover in their authenticity. The correlation of the design of a bona fide acquirer with vindication protection and the concept of book possession is analyzed. It is substantiated that the risk of distortion of register data, which arose as a result of illegal registration actions, forged transactions or other shortcomings in the functioning of the state registration system, should not automatically be attributed to the last bona fide acquirer. The legislative novelties of 2025 to strengthen the protection of the rights of a bona fide acquirer, in particular, limiting the possibility of claiming certain real estate objects and introducing a compensation mechanism, are considered. It is proposed to consider the good faith of the acquirer, taking into account the verification of the register information, the prudence shown and the objective opportunity to establish the defects of the registered right. It is concluded that it is necessary to ensure a fair distribution of risks of distortion of the State Register data between the original owner, bona fide acquirer and the state.
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