STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF INFECTOLOGY TERMS

Abstract

Each stage of scientific research and writing a methodological material involves the use of specialized terms that not only specify concepts but also formulate basic laws and principles. The terminology of infectology is constantly changing, its scope and semantics can evolve despite the fact that there are steady trends in the formation of new terms for different terminology systems. The aim of the article is to analyze the structural features of Englishlanguage terms in the field of infectology and their reflection in translation. In order to study this aim, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: 1) to find out the structural features of infectology terms; 2) to establish word-formation ways of nominating English terms in the field of infectology. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to study the structural and semantic features of modern terms of infectology. Research methods. The research was carried out on the basis of the following methods: linguistic observation and analysis, descriptive and component methods, the method of analyzing dictionary definitions and statistical methods of calculating quantitative results, the method of continuous selection of terms from the professional text of infectology for compiling dictionaries. Conclusions. The selection of terms in the field of infectology (604 terms) was of a substantive nature (98 % of the selection consisted of nouns, 2 % were adjectives). Based on the structural analysis of the selections, six structural groups of terms in the field of infectology were identified: root terms, derivatives, compound terms, phrase terms, nomenclature, and abbreviations. The latter are an active way of creating new infectology terms, especially in the last from 3 to 5 years, which confirms the general trend of information compression in professional texts. The most productive groups of abbreviations include: alphabetic abbreviations, acronyms and mixed abbreviations, which are focused on the rapid transfer of information in the most concise form.