POLISH WOMEN’S MAGAZINES OF GALICIA ADDRESSED TO “PEASANT WOMEN” AND “PRESS OF FARMHOUSES” (1899–1939): CONDITIONS OF EMERGENCE AND FEATURES OF TYPOLOGICAL GROUPS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32689/maup.philol.2026.1.15Keywords:
women’s movement, women’s emancipation, press for rural housewives, political rural women’s periodicalsAbstract
Today, studies of gender movements in Europe, in particular in Ukraine, are relevant. In Eastern Galicia in the second half of the 19th century, the Ukrainian and Polish women’s movements emerged and developed in parallel: they had much in common and were different in their development. The Polish women’s movement, its ideas and forms developed in the context of Polish women's publications founded for women, which raised issues relevant to women. Radical, emancipated publications and publications for rural housewives were often published in the same period. Political and historical events, in particular the Spring of Nations of 1848, led to the emergence of social, public and political movements. An active peasant movement arose within the Polish village, which later turned into a political one. The peasant political movement embraced both men and women, so women’s publications of two types emerged: the rural political women’s press and the press for rural housewives, which had common and distinctive features. Scientific novelty and originality of the study. For the first time, the phenomenon of two separate types of press published in the village was investigated: the rural political women’s press and the press for rural housewives as two separate groups that had common and distinctive features of development, their purpose, subject matter and nature of the materials. Historians of the Polish press have so far studied the rural women’s press in the context of studying the Polish political peasant movement, without singling out periodicals for women as a separate type of periodical. Main results of the study. The article reveals the historical conditions for the emergence of these types of women’s periodicals, the tasks and nature of the political peasant women’s movement; a comparative characteristic of these two groups of periodicals is made, and a brief overview of the publications is also made
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