FUNCTIONING OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF A FULL-SCALE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR

Abstract

The transformation of political institutions of Ukraine in the conditions of a full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war is analyzed. The activities of all government bodies are carried out in special conditions, confirmed by the martial law regime. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, as the main legislative body, in order to comply with security standards in wartime, operates de facto in a closed mode. Despite the fact that the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine has generally adapted to new political realities and performs its main functions, the key results of decisions made at sessional meetings become known to the broad Ukrainian public only post-factum, which affects both the legitimation of the decisions themselves and the actual authority of the leading legislative institution itself. That is why, even in conditions of martial law, the issue of improving the work of the Verkhovna Rada in order to expand communication interaction with society in order to increase trust in the main legislative body of the state is acute.It was found that in conditions of a full-scale war, such a political power unit of the executive type as the institution of the President of Ukraine has undergone a sharp transformation. It is proven that under martial law, the powers of the President of Ukraine as the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine have significantly expanded. Since such a situation may be negative and complicate the return transit to the parliamentary- presidential form of government after the end of the war. Also, the imbalance of powers of the President of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine as the leading institution of the executive branch of government may negatively affect the formation and implementation of the strategy for the post-war reconstruction of the state.It is confirmed that the full-scale war and the martial law regime have become an obstacle to the dynamics of reforming the judicial institution as one of the three branches of political power. The problem of resource and personnel support for the courts, which is caused by hostilities and the relocation of courts and the internal movement of judges, also adds to the negative. It is noted that under conditions of full-scale war, a significant number of political parties have not found their place in the new realities of the dynamics of socio-political processes, and therefore the entire party system has a low level of public trust. Ultimately, only Ukrainian civil society, which largely replaces other political institutions in conditions of war due to the activation and high dynamics of the volunteer movement, enjoys the highest level of public trust.Nevertheless, it has been proven that the political institutions of Ukraine in conditions of full-scale war function in an emergency mode, adapting to the challenges associated with aggression. Despite the full-scale war, they retain their operational capacity and generally ensure the vital activity of the state.