BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF CELL-FREE CRYOPRESERVED BIOLOGICAL AGENTS IN MODELS OF AUTOIMMUNE ARTHRITIS IN RATS

Abstract

Introduction. It is well known that inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is initiated and maintained by a complex interplay between different subtypes of dendritic cells, T cells, macrophages, B cells, neutrophils, fibroblasts and osteoclasts. Glucocorticoids, synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are currently most commonly used in the treatment of RA. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a promising approach to the treatment of RA patients. Another direction in the treatment of patients with RA is the use of cell-free biotechnological means – cryoextract of blood cells (CEP), cryoextract of the spleen (CES). The aim of the study was to characterize the effect of cryoextracts of the placenta and seryenium, as well as the conditioned medium of MSCs (CM-MSC) on the activity of the inflammatory process in adjuvant arthritis (АА) in rats. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 42 male shuras weighing 200–220 g in accordance with the basic bioethical norms of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association. AA treatment was carried out from 14 to 28 days. CEP, CES and CM-MSC were administered intramuscularly with an interval of 2 days. On the 28th day of the experiment, the animals were removed from the experiment, samples of mixed (venous and arterial) blood were taken and the content of C-reactive protein (C-RP), alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and seromucoid content were determined. Research results and their discussion. The conducted research showed that on the 28th day of the experiment, a statistically significant (р˂0.001) increase in the content of C-RP by 4.4 times was observed in rats with AA compared to the indicators of intact rats. In addition, rats with AA showed an increase in AP activity (p˂0.001) by 76.5% and an increase in seromucoid content (p˂0.035) by 97.1% compared to the parameters of intact rats. Among the investigated cell-free cryopreserved biological agents, the most pronounced inhibition of the inflammatory process on the 28th day of the experiment on the AA model in rats was noted against the background of the use of CM-MSC – the level of C-RP decreased (р˂0.001) by 54.5% compared to untreated rats with AA, which on 16.7% (р˂0.1) was lower than the similar indicator of rats with AA, which were injected with diclofenac sodium. The studied cryo-extracts were inferior to CM-MSC in their ability to suppress the intensity of the inflammatory process in rats with AA according to the data of the studied biochemical indicators. CES (18.2%, p˂0.01) was inferior to CEP (27.3%, p˂0.01) in its ability to reduce the content of C-RP, which indicated more pronounced anti-inflammatory properties of CEP. Conclusions. The ability of the investigated cell-free biological agents to inhibit the activity of the inflammatory process on the AA model in rats was established according to the data of biochemical studies. According to the expressiveness of the antiinflammatory activity (according to the decrease in the level of C-RP), the investigated means can probably (р˂0.01) be placed in the following sequence: CM-MSC (54.5%) ˃ CEP (27.3%) ˃ CES (18.2%).