MODERN APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF DENTAL CARIES IN PERMANENT TEETH IN CHILDREN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32689/2663-0672-2025-3-19Keywords:
dental caries in permanent teeth, children, minimally invasive therapy, biological methods, restorative materials, preventionAbstract
The problem of dental caries treatment in permanent teeth in children remains relevant due to the high prevalence of the pathology, its negative impact on general health and quality of life, and the risk of developing complications in case of postponed or insufficiently effective treatment. Objective. To determine modern approaches to the therapy of dental caries in permanent teeth in children, with a focus on minimally invasive and biologically oriented methods, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of innovative restorative materials. Materials and methods. To achieve the objectives of this review, a range of modern scientific publications from 2015 to 2025 was analyzed, including systematic reviews, clinical studies, and recommendations from leading international dental associations. The selected works described the treatment of dental caries in permanent teeth in children using minimally invasive techniques, biological agents, and contemporary restorative materials that preserve healthy tooth tissues and prevent recurrent pathology. Results. The literature analysis showed that modern approaches to caries treatment focus on the comprehensive combination of preventive and tissue-preserving methods, the use of bioactive and nanotechnology-based materials with remineralizing and antimicrobial properties, fissure sealing, and oral hygiene education. The application of minimally invasive technologies preserves healthy tissues, reduces the risk of recurrent caries, and improves long-term functional and aesthetic outcomes. Discussion. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of minimally invasive and biologically oriented methods for treating caries of permanent teeth in children, which help preserve up to 90% of healthy tissues and reduce the risk of recurrent caries. Comparison with previous studies (Auquilla Bravo et al., 2025; Alkarad et al., 2023) shows that selective preparation, remineralizing agents, and bioactive materials increase the stability of restorations by 20–35%. However, the use of biological components alone (Rashid et al., 2024) does not always ensure long-term effectiveness, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach. International protocols (ADA, AAPD, EAPD) and national recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine demonstrate a common trend – a transition from invasive to prevention-oriented treatment methods. The main difference remains the availability of innovative materials (nanocomposites, SDF), which requires adaptation of clinical protocols to Ukrainian healthcare conditions. Conclusions. This review indicates that modern methods for treating dental caries in permanent teeth in children should be applied comprehensively, combining minimally invasive and biological approaches with contemporary restorative materials and preventive measures. This strategy allows for the preservation of a maximum amount of healthy tissue, reduces the risk of complications, and improves therapeutic outcomes.
References
Alkarad L., Alkhouli M., Dashash M. Efficacy of CPP-ACP GC Tooth Mousse in remineralization of teeth of Syrian or- phan children: Results of a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Research Square. 2023. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2442716/v1.
American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Policy on the use of silver diamine fluoride for pediatric dental patients. In The reference manual of pediatric dentistry. Chicago, IL: Author, 2024. 104–106.
American Dental Association. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline on nonrestorative treatments for carious lesions. 2022.
Auquilla Bravo F. C., Palacios Astudillo I. A. Selective removal of carious tissue in minimally invasive dentistry: literature review. Anatomía Digital. 2025. 8(3), 128–142. doi: 10.33262/anatomiadigital.v8i3.3464.
Boіtsanіuk S. I., Ostrovskyi P. Yu., Bilyk Y., Chorniy S. V. Prevention of teeth caries through fissure sealing. Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology Review. 2022. 4(4), 47–51. doi: 10.11603/bmbr.2706-6290.2022.4.13322.
Cabalén M. B., Molina G. F., Bono A., Burrow M. F. Nonrestorative Caries Treatment: A Systematic Review Update. Interna- tional dental journal. 2022. 72(6), 746–764. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.022.
Ciribè M., Cirillo E., Mammone M., Vallogini G., Festa P., Piga S., Ferrazzano, G. F., Galeotti A. Efficacy of F-ACP-containing dental mousse in the remineralization of white spot lesions after fixed orthodontic therapy: A randomized clinical trial. Biomed- icines. 2024. 12(6), 1202. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12061202.
Cocco F., Salerno C., Wierichs R. J., Wolf T. G., Arghittu A., Cagetti M. G., Campus G. Hydroxyapatite-Fluoride Toothpastes on Caries Activity: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. International dental journal. 2025. 75(2), 632–642. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.037.
Davidson K. W., Barry M. J., Mangione C. M., Cabana M., Caughey A. B., Davis E. M., Donahue K. E., Doubeni C. A., Kubik M., Li L., Ogedegbe G., Pbert L., Silverstein M., Stevermer J., Tseng C. W., Wong J. B. Screening and Interventions to Prevent Dental Caries in Children Younger Than 5 Years: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA. 2021. 326(21), 2172–2178. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.20007.
El Mansy M. M., Rashed M. F., Saleh R. S. Effect of remineralization after in office followed by home treatment of white spot lesions in children: randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports. 2025. 15(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15829-5.
Gevkaliuk N. O., Bandrivsky Y. L., Pynda M. Y., Pudiak V. Y., Krupei V. Y., Karnkivskyi A. Y. Morphological evaluation of the effectiveness of the “Icon” resin infiltration method in acute and chronic superficial dental caries. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems. 2024. 15(1), 142–147. doi: 10.15421/022421.
Graham L. K., Crystal Y. O., Marghalani A. A., Sulyanto R., Divaris K., Ureles S., Fontana M., Wright J. T., American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD). Use of silver diamine fluoride for dental caries management in children and adolescents, includ- ing those with special health care needs. Pediatric Dentistry. 2017. 39(5), e135–e145. doi: 10.1080/19424396.2018.12221981.
Krishnakumar K., Kalaskar R., Kalaskar A., Bhadule S., Joshi S. Clinical Effectiveness of High-viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite Resin as a Restorative Material in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry. 2024. 17(2), 221–228. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2757.
Lim Z. E., Duncan H. F., Moorthy A., McReynolds D. Minimally invasive selective caries removal: a clinical guide. British dental journal. 2023. 234(4). 233–240. doi: 10.1038/s41415-023-5515-4.
Mungur A., Chen H., Shahid S., Baysan A. A systematic review on the effect of silver diamine fluoride for management of dental caries in permanent teeth. Clinical and experimental dental research. 2023. 9(2), 375–387. doi: 10.1002/cre2.716.
Rahmath Meeral P., Doraikannan S., Indiran M. A. Efficiency of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate versus topical fluorides on remineralizing early enamel carious lesions – A systematic review and meta analysis. The Saudi dental journal. 2024. 36(4), 521–527. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.01.014.
Rashid A. B. E., Azam U. B., Zaheer M., Noor M., Adnan R., Razeeqa S. A., Rehan Y., Haider M. H., Bakhsh R. M. M. Comparative effectiveness of glass ionomer vs. composite resin in pediatric dentistry: A meta-analysis. Insights-Journal of Health and Rehabilitation. 2024. 2(2, Health & Allied), 67–73. doi: 10.71000/ijhr106.
Ruff R. R., Gawande A. A., Xu Q., Godín T. B. Silver diamine fluoride vs atraumatic restoration for managing dental car- ies in schools: A cluster randomized clinical trial. JAMA Network Open. 2025. 8(6), e2513826. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworko-pen.2025.13826.
Sun I. G., Chai H. H., Lo E. C. M., Chu C. H., Duangthip D. Dental Fear and Anxiety of Chinese Preschool Children in a School-Based Outreach Service Using Silver Diamine Fluoride for Caries Control: A Cross-Sectional Study. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2023. 20(5), 4467. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054467.
Vishwanathaiah S., Maganur P. C., Syed A. A., Kakti A., Hussain Jaafari A. H., Albar D. H., Renugalakshmi A., Jeevanandan G., Khurshid Z., Ali Baeshen H., Patil S. Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in arresting coronal dental caries in children and adolescents: a systematic review. The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry. 2024. 48(5), 27–40. doi: 10.22514/jocpd.2024.101.
