LOGOS AND MYFOS. HEGEL’S PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY AND THE COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS THEORY: THE ATTEMPT OF SYNTHESIS IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The article discusses an attempts to concretize Hegel’s philosophy of history on the basis the collective unconscious theory of C. G. Jung and his followers. The key categories connecting these theories is the notion of national spirit. In order to clarify the main contradiction of historical development, the structure of Hegel’s dialectical contradiction is considered. In the world-historical process, the main contradiction is the contradiction between Logos (ideas) and Mythos (collective unconscious, people spirits). Absolutization of the universal, Logos, in Marxism or liberal bourgeois protestantism leads to the loss of national identity and/or social degradation of the masses. In turn, the absolutization of Mythos, which underlies various fascist and racist theories, leads to national isolation and stagnation. The mythology of history, based not on a concept (Reason), but on archetypes, myths and symbols, is the path to a historical dead end. Therefore, only the contradictory unity of Logos and Mythos leads countries and peoples to stable development. Not national self-isolation and a sense of exclusivity, and not dissolving in global world processes, but development based on national archetypes and values (genocodes) in close cooperation with other countries. Thus, the worldview, which sees the source of development in contradictions, should become popular. This worldview is concretized on the modern scientific material Hegel’s dialectical philosophy. according to which, “to him who looks upon the world rationally, the world in its turn presents a rational aspect. The relation is mutual”. On the contrary, the nowadays rational intellect, which divides the world into parts, cannot understand the dialectical rationality of the world and plunges it into nonsense. This is the source of the emergence of popular political science theories of “chaos”, “turbulence”, etc.

Thus, the worldview, which sees the source of development in contradictions, should become popular. This worldview is concretized on the modern scientific material.