PECULIARITIES OF USING DIALECTISMS TO DENOTE A BICYCLE IN THE TRANSCARPATHIAN PRESS

Abstract

The article analyzes the specifics of the functioning of dialectal names for a bicycle in the language of Transcarpathian periodicals during two periods: the 1920s–1940s and the first quarter of the 21st century. The relevance of the study is driven by the need to examine the interaction between dialectal and literary vocabulary within the regional media space, as well as the necessity to trace the transformation of the stylistic functions of regionalisms under the conditions of the consolidation of the literary standard. Based on the analysis of primary sources, it has been established that the press discourse of the first half of the 20th century reflected an active search for designations. In the absence of a unified orthographic standard, a wide spectrum of names functioned in the publications: velosyped, bitsigli, rover, kolo, and baisykyl. It was found that the most frequent regionalism was the lexeme bitsigli (along with its variants bytsykli, bitsikli), the prevalence of which correlates with data from dialectological studies. It is proven that during the studied period, the lexemes bitsigli and rover were neutral names lacking stylistic coloring and were freely used in informational genres. The article also examines the linguopragmatics of these lexemes in the media discourse of the first quarter of the 21st century. It was revealed that given the existence of the literary norm (velosyped), dialectal names have changed their functions. Bitsigli has shifted into the category of stylistically marked vocabulary, used to create local color, characterize characters, or produce a comic or ironic effect. At the same time, the "urbanization" of this dialectism has been recorded in the Transcarpathian press, where it becomes a marker of regional identity. In contrast, rover functions primarily as a neutral synonym to avoid tautology. The author concludes that the dialectal base remains vital in the modern press, which is confirmed by the productivity of the derivational nest (bitsiglist, bitsiglistskyi) and the expansion of synonymy. The article substantiates the expediency of including the analyzed lexemes in the latest explanatory dictionaries with appropriate labeling, as they have become an integral element of the region's journalistic style.