STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE OCCLUSION FACTOR ON DEVELOPMENT OF CERVICAL LESIONS OF TEETH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32689/2786-7161-2026-2-7Keywords:
erosion, wedge-shaped defect, predictors, cervical caries, cracks, abrasionAbstract
Background. Presence of abrasion facets, cracks and enamel chips are clinical markers of occlusal stress in a tooth that can lead to development of cervical pathology. Purpose f the research is clinical and laboratory study of potential influence of occlusal stress on development of cervical lesions of teeth in young people. Materials and Methods. 158 and 29 teeth were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. 272 patients (mean age 24.3±6.9 years) were clinically examined, in whom wedge-shaped defect (WSD), cervical caries (CC) and erosion (E) of tooth enamel were diagnosed. The odds ratio of influence of occlusal factors on their development was calculated using logistic analysis methods. Results. Microscopically, a significant prevalence of enamel cracks was determined on all surfaces of teeth with a predominantly vertical orientation. On vestibular surface, the depth of enamel cracks was directly correlated with presence of occlusal attrition (p=0.006). Samples with WSD were different in multiple cracks and their horizontal orientation in the cervical area (CA). Occlusal attrition, chips and enamel cracks on vestibular surface of teeth were determined in a larger number of examined patients. The group of patients with intact CA significantly differed in the number of patients with enamel cracks in percentage from the groups of patients with WSD and E of tooth enamel and occlusal attrition from the groups of patients with WSD, CC and E of tooth enamel (p<0.001). Presence of occlusal attrition, on average, increased the probability of enamel cracks by 4.6 times (p<0.0001). Conclusions. The influence of occlusal factor on development of cervical lesions of teeth and need for its correction for preventive purposes have been proven.
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