INTERDEPENDENCE OF CRISIS AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE SPHERE OF NATIONAL SECURITY

Abstract

The article shows that crisis situations are an integral attribute of the social system, are operationalized through the concept of “contradictions”, and contribute to a change in the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the existence of a social system in the context of the formation of a new social reality. An analysis of the scientific heritage and legislation allowed us to conclude that a crisis situation, a critical situation, a crisis, an emergency situation are the defining properties of these systems and the consequence of the action of interrelated factors, which is why some concepts are used as synonyms, that cheat about the need to clarify their relationship. It has been established that crisis situations of a social nature develop in time and space, allow us to distinguish their specific stages, including those at which emergency situations may arise. Their characteristic feature is that management in such situations is not identical to crisis management, since not each crisis is associated with threats to the physical security of citizens or the loss of material resources. The consequences of emergency situations are always negative, in contrast to crisis situations, because of the ambivalence of the properties of which these consequences can be either negative or positive, despite the fact that there is a direct and feedback relationship between crisis and emergency situations. Four stages of the development of crisis situations are distinguished and their content is disclosed in the context of the growth of dangers to a person (individual), society and state institutions, and considering the nature of the social interactions of these entities: the initial stage, at which there are contradictions between the subjects and the accumulation of certain challenges for their life; the status quo, in which the crisis situation takes on a clear outline, taking into account the goals (intentions) of the subjects and ends with the accumulation of potential threats to their livelihoods; critical situation – tensions between subjects are growing rapidly, and potential threats for them are being transformed into real ones, which indicates an emergency; transformations – attenuation of contradictions between subjects and the formation of a new social reality by the mechanisms of social interactions. It is proved that the identification of the concepts of a crisis situation and an emergency is a methodological mistake.