CREATION OF GEOSPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE AS A BASIS FOR SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFORMATION OF THE STATE GEOCADASTRE IN UKRAINE

Abstract

It is substantiated that now in Ukraine the need for the introduction of an effective geospatial information system has become relevant, which depends on both the solution of issues of spatial development of territorial communities and the functioning of the State Geocadastre. It is noted that the question of the real ability of territorial communities to ensure the implementation of their functions and responsibilities in the field of spatial development and land relations is becoming more acute. It is emphasized that the development of the national geospatial data infrastructure plays a significant role in this issue. It is determined that the main factor in the effectiveness of the registration system is clearly provided by law a simple and accessible mechanism for citizens to obtain and use information about real estate rights and land, which, in turn, provides intensive development of investment activities in the real estate market. The list of global initiatives and events that influenced the ideology of building national geospatial data systems, which, as a result of dynamic development, were transformed into national infrastructures of geospatial data of the world, is presented and characterized. It is emphasized that the domestic practice differs significantly from the conceptual European approaches to the development of NIS, as in European countries only the obligation of the relevant authorities, which have certain geospatial data, to publish these data in uniform formats, while giving maximum availability and interoperability. It is concluded that in the conditions of decentralized public-power relations it is the State Geocadastre that should deal with the maintenance and administration of NIGD, taking into account the specifics of the activity. Proposals have been formulated concerning the revision of the functions of the State Geocadastre, their arrangement in accordance with the challenges of decentralization; shifting the emphasis to the service component, which will be carried out in the future through online services. It is also emphasized the need to rethink the functioning of the State Geocadastre in the direction of reorientation to work in the format of a back office, which will provide administration of land cadastre and related databases.